Kallitype is an iron-silver process patented in 1889 by W. W. J. Nicol. It has a long tonal range and handles subtle half tone gradients. 

All my kallitypes are toned with noble metals for print archival stability. Gold gives cold blueish blacks whereas palladium results in warmer tones. Split toning gives a very pleasing effect of cold shadows and warm lights.

The casein print is a variation of the very wide spread gum bichromate process invented in the 19.th century. The print is formed by several consecutively applied layers of pigmented casein paint. The process is extremely flexible and allows for naturalistic photographs but also for expressive pictures resembling paintings.

The gum oil process was invented by Karl Koenig in 1990. So it is not really old enough to be called historic. But it might well have been invented in the 19.th century - all the ingredients were there.

Gum oil gives very expressive results. Oil paint is applied to a paper photographically prepared to attract or dispel oil differently in the lights or shadows of the photograph.

Cyanotype is one of the very first photographic processes. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1842. Many contemporary artists use cyanotype. The process is simple and the chemicals involved are not dangerous. With some precaution the process can even be used with children.

Introduced in 1864 by Joseph W. Swan, carbon transfer printing was popular throughout the 19.th and well into the 20.th century. The picture is formed by a layer of pigmented gelatin on the paper. A beautiful relief is visible - it can even be felt when touching the photograph's surface.

As casein printing, direct carbon printing can be viewed as a variation of the famous gum bichromate process. Pigmented gelatin is used though instead of gum arabic. I use iron salts rather than bichromates to render the pigmented layers light sensitive.